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Palingenia longicauda (Olivier, 1791) (Ephemeroptera, Palingeniidae): Do refugia in the Danube basin still work?
Soldán, Tomáš ; Godunko, Roman J. ; Zahrádková, S. ; Sroka, Pavel
Palingenia longicauda (OLIVIER, 1791), a well-known species of mayfly belongsto the most critically endangered species of the Ephemeroptera in Europe. It represents the Pontic faunistic element of the expansive type originally distributed in almost all great and numerous middle-sized European rivers in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Macedonia, Poland, Rumania, Slovakia, Ukraine and Yugoslavia. At present, the species is extinct or at least missing at most of its original area except for relatively small refugia in the Tisza basin in Hungary and probably also Slovakia and Ukraine. Distribution of P. longicauda is discussed and a new subarea in the Danube delta in Rumania (locality near Murighiol, stretch of the Bratul Sfintu Gheoghe) is documented for the first time. The nature of a new occurrence is discussed – it might represent either a new, still unknown refuge and/or recovery of the original population(s) caused by downstream drift.
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Good parasitic wasps gone bad: a short review of two stories of the oceanic and habitat islands
Lozan, Aurel ; Spitzer, Karel ; Jaroš, Josef
Braconid parasitoid Cotesia glomerata, which was accidentally introduced into Canary Islands became real threat to the Canary Island Large White butterfly (Pieris cheiranthi). The multiple confirmation of the origin of the introduced parasitoid (morphology, DNA, ecology) suggests that these opportunistic parasitoids might be a serious danger to native isolated fauna. Such model relationships can be found in isolated paleorefugial habitats of the central European peat bogs, which are historical habitat islands of unique local taxa. A recent discovery of some opportunistic parasitoids attacking tyrphobiontic Lepidoptera in several isolated bogs of South Bohemia suggest these wasps might invade isolated habitats and cause serious population destruction of paleorefugial hosts.
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